This work won the 1966 Nebula and 1967 Hugo Award. This story follows the exploits of Manuel Garcia O'Kelly-Davis, a computer technician who is prodded into starting a revolution on the moon by the now sentient computer system who is running the lunar colony/penal colony. Eventually, the Earth is forced to capitulate and recognize lunar independence. Identify this novel by Robert A. Heinlein
The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress