Latin American Political History by Gat

Manuel Marrero Cruz became in December 2019 the first person since 1976 to hold which political position, following a constitutional referendum which also notably recognized the notion of private property? Name BOTH the POSITION and the COUNTRY.

What colorful name was given to the revolutionary wave, arguably led by Hugo Chavez of Venezuela, that brought to power in several Latin American democracies left-wing governments that rejected neoliberal policies implemented by previous governments? Observers often contrast it with its political reaction, the more recent conservative blue wave.

José "Pepe" Mujica, nicknamed the "world's poorest President" due to his modest lifestyle, was a member of which Uruguayan left-wing urban guerrilla group before joining the Movement of Popular Participation following the restoration of democracy?

Which Latin American trade organization, established in 1991, seeks to increase economic cooperation between South American countries as well as gradually eliminating tariffs between its member states?

Which banana-growing corporation played a considerable role in persuading the US government to overthrow Guatemalan President Jacobo Arbenz, who had implemented reforms to redistribute land in favor of the local peasantry?

Name the politician of Aymara descent who was forced to resign due to popular discontent following his attempt to seek a fourth term, which was rejected by 51% of the population in a constitutional referendum held in 2016.

Simón Bolívar's decisive victory at the Battle of Carabobo, in modern-day Venezuela, led to the creation of which short-lived Republic? Lasting 12 years, it spanned most of northwestern South America before dissolving following ideological splits between proponents of federalism and centralism.

Which country lost up to two-thirds of its adult male population and much of its territory in a 19th century war, in part caused by its President's willingness to gain control of the Río de la Plata Basin?

Give the exact date (day, month, year required) on which this picture was taken.

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Give the Spanish name for the form of political protest which initially arose in the Southern Cone of South America as a type of noisy demonstration against authoritarian regimes in Chile and Argentina. One of its more recent and largest examples occurred during the 2001 Argentine crisis, when middle-class workers would express their discontent with the government's restrictive economic measures which led to their savings being frozen and temporarily unavailable to use.

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At a Summit of the Americas in 2009, Hugo Chávez gave Barack Obama a copy of "Open Veins of Latin America", a book detailing centuries of Latin American political history and how genocides, corruption, foreign involvement and unfair trade deals are to blame for most modern-day systemic problems. Which Uruguayan journalist and writer wrote the aforementioned book?

Which female South American leader became the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights in August 2018?

Mexico's newly-elected President Andrés Manuel López Obrador announced recently that due to a lack of buyers, he was considering raffling off which unusual item? He claimed that this item was too luxurious considering the country's poverty rate, and he hasn't discarded the idea of doing a yard sale to get rid of it.

Which Central American country abolished its army following a 1948 civil war? They don't have to worry about being invaded though, as the United States have this country's back if any crisis were to happen.

Honduras' former President Manuel Zelaya, who shifted to the left early in his presidency, was ousted in a coup d'état one year after joining which intergovernmental organization promoting integration between leftist governments and named after an iconic Venezuelan political leader? Please give the four-letter abbreviation of this organization from which Bolivia withdrew last year.